We know that there are 640 acres in one section, and we are taking a 1/4 of a 1/2 section. Beginning with the Seven Ranges in present-day Ohio, the PLSS has been used as the primary survey method in the United States. Standard parallels run east to west along with the baseline. The first set of lines are called the principal meridians and run north and south. 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The system became official with the Land Ordinance Act of 1785. . Accretion, Avulsion & Reliction: Definition & Effects, Extent of Ownership and Real Property: Air, Surface & Subsurface, Real Property vs. Real Estate | Concepts, Terms & Differences. Yes, but first you need to know the dimensions and measurements of a township. In legal documents, such as a lien, deed, trust deed, mortgage, and sales contract, courts require an exact description of where a piece of land is located. It will serve as the basis for surveys of government in a specified area under its jurisdiction. What Is the Rectangular Survey System Used For? This system divides the country using 37 principal meridians that run north and south and baselines that run east and west. As each territory or state opened new public lands, the government identified a meridian (running north and south) and a base line (running east and west) to guide all future land surveys in that area. Section information is added to the property description as such: Missouri, Fifth Principal Meridian, T5S, R4W, sec 24. But the final plan included subdivision of the lands into townships, then into sections and further into aliquot parts. The rectangular survey system, often referred to as the government survey system, is based on a system of lines that form rectangles and squares throughout the United States. You may even see a question or two about the numbering system used for sections. The range and township lines create a 36-square-mile area called a township. Township lines run parallel to the baseline, from east to west, defining how far north and south of the baseline a township is located. The earths curvature led to the creation of additional lines called Guide Meridians that is perpendicular to the baseline. This system is also needed to divide all of the lands in the public domain which is possessed by the US federal government to benefit the American citizens. These divisions mean just that. The north-south line that runs through the initial point is a, ). He decided to install sewer and underground electric for the entire subdivision, because he thinks that he will easily recoup his initial infrastructure investment. The system uses Metes, which are straight lines connecting two points, and Bounds, which are identifiable aspects of a property. The system is used to divide public lands into townships, sections, halves, and quarters. A Metes and Bounds survey may read something like commencing from the large apple tree 1 mile to the north, west along the river bed. So, you can refer to the south (S) 1/2 of the northwest (NW) 1/4 of a section in a township, for example. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. . The implementation of the system begins with the identification of the reference lines: the east-west line called the Base Line and the north-south line is also known for the name principal meridian. For instance, a quarter section always contains 160 acres, or a fourth of the total 640 acres in a section. Lines that are parallel to the Base Line are called the standard parallels which run at 24-mile intervals north and south of the Base Line. succeed. There is more than one type of legal description you must know for your exam. In reality, because of this earth curvature issue, many sections and townships vary from their exact area measurements. Learn the basic methodology, and real-world adjustments. The system is also relatively easy to understand, as it is basically a single grid laid over the land. Section 1 within any township is always located at the upper right or northeast corner of the township. The Rectangular Survey System is a means of dividing and measuring large areas of land. It was originally proposed by President Thomas Jefferson and is sometimes referred to as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS). The PLSS typically divides land into 6-mile-square townships. Government Survey Systems were originally created by the US Congress in 1785 as a way of identifying land faster and more accurately. Using the Fifth Principal Meridian in Missouri, the description would look like this: The W 1/2 of the SE 1/4 of Section 14, Township 2 South, Range 3 West of the Fifth Principal Meridian, Missouri. Then the numbering drops down to 13 and goes right to left again and so forth:\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274749\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"] Townships are divided into 36 sections numbered consecutively. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) or the Government Survey System, is a way of measuring and establishing boundary lines for large areas of land. Putting the above description into words is half of a quarter section. She has a Masters in English and Creative Writing from Southern New Hampshire University and a Bachelor's in English from Thomas Edison State University. Land Description Government Rectangular Survey For 2019 | Real Estate Exam Prep. Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSS) And Torrens System Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSM) Land survey system primarily used throughout the US but not within the original 13 colonies which are based upon the Meters & Bounds Theory Based upon the longitude and latitude lines and then ultimately upon the meridian (vertical . For the real estate exam, youll need to know the two primary survey methods. View Rectangular Government Survey System.pdf from PLST 222 at Liberty University. Quarter sections have an area of 160 acres.\r\n \t
Half sections:Half section is a description of any two abutting quarter sections within a section, usually accompanied by a directional notation indicating the half of the section in which the two quarter sections are located. )\r\n
Figuring out the size of a piece of property, which sometimes is called a parcel, is simple, if you keep in mind that youre always dealing with a section of 640 acres. A rectangular survey is read based on the state and meridian line and the property's location, directionally, to that line. This system, sometimes called the Public Land Survey System, was created in 1785 to plat or divide real property into squares and rectangles for sale and settling. After six years of aircrew service in the Air Force, he earned his MBA from the University of Phoenix following a BS from the University of Maryland. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Different Types of Estates in Real Estate, Legal Description of Property: Definition, Importance & Example, What is a Land Survey? Each half or quarter section can be further subdivided into halves and quarters. However, in some areas of the country, a township refers to a legal municipality rather than a geographic area, which can lead to some confusion. Many plans have been made on how to subdivide the public domain lands. Metes & Bounds System in Real Estate | Metes & Bounds Survey Examples & Legal Description. Areas smaller than full-size sections are known as government lots and are numbered and placed in fractional sections. Using principal meridians and baselines as points of reference, land areas are divided by two kinds of lines, township lines and range lines. The numbering continues directly beneath the sixth section, except that it progresses from left to right on the second tier. The line intersections have established a large grid that controls the subdivision of grids to smaller ones. Were not done yet. For example, a Bound could be a road, tree, river, or large rock. Base lines There may also be questions about how much land is in a specific plot or section. Principal meridians, baselines, and where they intersect (cross each other) are used as the basis for formulating property descriptions in this system. A section of ground is one mile on all sides, which means it is a one-mile square. The Rectangular Survey Method established a standard measurement and origin point for all properties to follow using a grid system. Continue with Recommended Cookies. School University of Minnesota, Duluth; Course Title MARKETING MISC; Uploaded By MajorTarsierMaster692. The smallest division in this system is usually 10-acre quarters. Half sections have an area of 320 acres. The real estate exam probably wont ask you what states use the Metes and Bounds system or the Rectangular Survey System, but they may ask you which system your state uses. The description is abbreviated as T1N, R2E. It isn't used by East Coast states except, Florida, and it also isn't used by Texas. I feel like its a lifeline. Since the lines that create them are six miles apart, they are 24 miles around and include an area of 36 square miles, which is 23,040 acres. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 You have 80 acres in that plot of land, and that is your answer. These tools will help you assess your knowledge of concepts pertaining to the Rectangular Survey System. If you want to define smaller properties, we can take the southeast of section 3, which will only be 160 acres. It is a rectangular approach to surveying the land breaking the district down to quadrangles of 24 miles. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Government Survey System or Public Land Survey System, is a method of plotting land boundaries in the United States using a large grid made up of rectangles. The first is the Metes and Bounds surveythe second is the Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Government Survey System or Public Lands Survey System. A mailing label lists your name, street address, city, state, and country. Think about two lines running from left to right across this page about an inch apart. [2] Where the two range lines and two township lines intersect, they form a township. Remember, there are 36 square miles in a township, and each section is 1 square mile. Police Power in Real Estate Significance & Examples | What is Police Power? Dont Miss: Work From Home Government Jobs. D. Rectangular government survey C Jacob is a developer who purchased 78 acres and had it subdivided into halfacre lots. All township locations are defined by referencing how from they are from the principal meridian and baseline. As we mentioned earlier, two primary survey methods are used in the United States, the Metes and Bounds System, and the Rectangular Survey System. A Metes and Bounds survey may read something like commencing from the large apple tree 1 mile to the north, west along the river bed. However, rivers can be moved, and trees can die, so as you can see, this method is wildly inaccurate over time. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. There are several advantages of the rectangular land survey system. Following the passage of the Northwest Ordinance in 1787, the Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory platted lands in the Northwest Territory. Since townships are six miles north to south and six miles east to west, each township is 36 square miles. )
\r\n
Figuring out the size of a piece of property, which sometimes is called a parcel, is simple, if you keep in mind that youre always dealing with a section of 640 acres. In the survey method, there has to be the creation of an initial point. Townships are subdivided into 36 one-mile- square sections. The following is a list of helpful terms:\r\n
\r\n \t
Quadrangles: The basic squares of land of the rectangular survey system, quadrangles (also government checks, or just checks) are 24 miles square (that means each side is 24 miles long) and are delineated by a principal meridian and a baseline. Real Estate License Wizard2009 MacKenzie WaySuite 100Cranberry Twp, PA 16066Phone: (412) 212-3240Email: info [at] realestatelicensewizard.com. The three legal real estate land descriptions are important information that all real estate agents and brokers must understand to pass their real estate exam and receive their license. Actual Notice in Real Estate: Types & Examples | What is Actual Notice? Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. So, in the example above, Township 4 South would be T4S. The principal meridians and baselines are based respectively on lines of longitude and latitude.\r\n\r\nYoure likely to see at least a few questions on the on calculating the area of part of a section, and youll also see questions about terminology and some of the measurements that the rectangular survey system uses. The rectangular survey system is based on principal meridians and base lines determined by precise scientific measurements. Range lines are equally located six miles apart, and the columns of land they create are known as ranges. The Rectangular Survey System is a method of surveying designed to divide the real property into specified plots. ( the major vertical line) -37 in the U.S. Base Line The horizontal line ( the major one) Ranges There are few subdivisions beyond the sections and quarter sections. For instance, a quarter section always contains 160 acres, or a fourth of the total 640 acres in a section. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. From this initial . Pages 336 This version has a more visual interface, which was optimized to explore the dataset. Discover what the Rectangular Survey System is, where it is usually used, and its main purpose. This system created a checkerboard of identical squares using longitude lines and latitude lines . Manage Settings Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The strips of land they form are known as township tiers. ","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9566,"name":"John A. Yoegel","slug":"john-a-yoegel","description":"
John A. Yoegel, PhD, is a certified real estate instructor and former board member of the Real Estate Educators Association. [/caption]\r\n\r\nEach section of 640 acres can be divided into halves and quarters called, get this, half sections and quarter sections. Dummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy to understand. One section is 1 mile or 640 square acres, so it still covers a large piece of land and must be divided again.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'realestatelicensewizard_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_4',690,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-realestatelicensewizard_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); Sections are further broken down into half and quarter sections repeatedly until you identify the exact location of a property. - The system, which was adopted in 1785, is also called the U.S. System of Rectangular Surveys or the rectangular method. The numbering continues in this manner like a snake, until ending in the far southeast corner with section 36. There are various issues with the names on the very small land parcels in several states. A system of fractional sections and government lots are parts of standard practice to account for these discrepancies.\r\n\r\nSo how does the system describe land? Then the numbering drops down to 13 and goes right to left again and so forth:
\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274749\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"] Townships are divided into 36 sections numbered consecutively. 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Townships are divided into 36 sections numbered consecutively. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) or the Government Survey System, is a way of measuring and establishing boundary lines for large areas of land. Putting the above description into words is half of a quarter section. She has a Masters in English and Creative Writing from Southern New Hampshire University and a Bachelor's in English from Thomas Edison State University. Land Description Government Rectangular Survey For 2019 | Real Estate Exam Prep. Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSS) And Torrens System Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSM) Land survey system primarily used throughout the US but not within the original 13 colonies which are based upon the Meters & Bounds Theory Based upon the longitude and latitude lines and then ultimately upon the meridian (vertical . For the real estate exam, youll need to know the two primary survey methods. View Rectangular Government Survey System.pdf from PLST 222 at Liberty University. Quarter sections have an area of 160 acres.\r\n \t\r\n","enabled":true},{"pages":["all"],"location":"footer","script":"\r\n\r\n","enabled":false},{"pages":["all"],"location":"header","script":"\r\n","enabled":false},{"pages":["article"],"location":"header","script":" ","enabled":true},{"pages":["homepage"],"location":"header","script":"","enabled":true},{"pages":["homepage","article","category","search"],"location":"footer","script":"\r\n
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